Cynical

Adjective

Definition: Believing that people are motivated purely by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.

Synonyms: Skeptical, Mistrustful, Suspicious

Antonyms: Trusting, Idealistic, Optimistic

Examples:

She had a cynical view of politicians, believing they only cared about their own power.
His cynical nature made it difficult for him to believe in acts of genuine kindness.

Mnemonics:

Cynical rhymes with skeptical, which means having doubts or questioning.
Imagine a "cynical cat" that doubts every act of kindness.

Etymology:

Origin:

The word "cynical" derives from the Greek word "kynikos," which means "dog-like" or "like a cynic philosopher." The cynic philosophers of ancient Greece were known for their rejection of social conventions and their belief in self-sufficiency and virtue, often expressed through sarcastic and skeptical attitudes.

Historical Usage:

The term "cynical" has been used since the 16th century to describe attitudes and behaviors characterized by distrust, skepticism, and a general lack of faith in human nature.

Related Idioms:

Idiom:

"Cynical laughter"

Explanation:

This phrase refers to a sarcastic or mocking laughter that expresses disbelief or scorn towards something.

Misconceptions:

Misconception:

Confusing cynicism with skepticism.

Explanation:

While skepticism generally involves questioning or doubting, cynicism often implies a more negative and pessimistic attitude towards human motivations and actions. Cynics tend to expect the worst and view others' behavior as purely self-interested, whereas skeptics maintain a more neutral stance and may reserve judgment until evidence is presented.