Presumption

Noun

Definition: An act or instance of taking something to be true or probable without evidence or proof.

Synonyms: Assumption, Supposition, Conjecture

Antonyms: Certainty, Proof, Evidence

Examples:

His presumption of guilt was based on unfounded rumors.
She had the presumption to challenge his authority.

Mnemonics:

"Presume" can be broken down as "pre" (before) and "sume" (assume), indicating taking something to be true without evidence.

Adjective

Definition: Characterized by assuming something to be true without proper justification.

Synonyms: Presumptuous, Arrogant, Overconfident

Antonyms: Humble, Modest, Diffident

Examples:

His presumption attitude made it difficult for others to approach him.
The investigator's presumption conclusion led him to overlook crucial evidence.

Mnemonics:

"Presumption" refers to assuming something without proper justification, similar to being overconfident.

Etymology:

Origin:

Middle English 'presumpcioun', Latin 'praesumptio' (a taking beforehand), from 'praesumere' (to take before).

Historical Usage:

The word 'presumption' has been used in English since the 14th century, evolving from Latin origins.

Related Idioms:

Idiom:

"Presumption of innocence"

Explanation:

The legal principle that a person is considered innocent unless proven guilty.

Misconceptions:

Misconception:

Confusing 'presumption' with 'assumption'.

Explanation:

While the two words are similar, presumption implies a stronger sense of assuming without evidence or proof, whereas assumption can be based on some level of justification or reasoning.