Saturnine

Adjective

Definition: (of a person or their temper or mood) slow, gloomy, and taciturn.

Synonyms: Somber, Melancholic, Sullen, Morose

Antonyms: Cheerful, Jovial, Optimistic

Examples:

Despite her success, she always had a saturnine demeanor.
The rainy weather added to his already saturnine mood.

Mnemonics:

Think of the planet Saturn, known for its dark and cold appearance.
Imagine a person with a permanent frown, resembling the word "Satan."

Etymology:

Origin:

The word "saturnine" comes from the Latin word "saturninus," which is derived from the god Saturn. The planet Saturn was associated with lead, melancholy, and a gloomy disposition.

Historical Usage:

The term "saturnine" has been used since the 15th century in English to describe someone or something characterized by a gloomy or melancholic temperament.

Related Idioms:

Idiom:

"A saturnine face"

Explanation:

Refers to a facial expression that appears gloomy, solemn, or serious.

Misconceptions:

Misconception:

Confusing "saturnine" with "sanguine."

Explanation:

"Saturnine" and "sanguine" are opposite in meaning. While "saturnine" refers to a gloomy or somber disposition, "sanguine" describes someone who is optimistic and cheerful.